Testing is a process rather than a single activity. It is a process which is executed in systematic and planned manner wherein various activities are carried out in order to improve the overall quality of the product .This process starts from Requirement analysis, Test planning then designing test cases, preparing for execution and evaluating status till the test closure.
The generic processes involved in the testing life cycle are as
- Requirement analysis
- Testing planning
- Test analysis
- Test Design
- Test construction and verification
- Test execution and bug reporting
- Final Testing and implementation
- Post implementation
Requirement analysis
It is very important to start Testing activities from the requirements phase itself because the cost of fixing defects is very less if found in requirement phase rather than in the future phases. In this phase, testers analyze the customer requirements.
Test Planning
In this phase, all the planning about the testing is done like what needs to be tested. The test planning phase includes details about various steps which are as
- How the testing will be done
- Test Strategy to be followed
- Test environment
- Methodologies to be followed
- Resources
Test Analysis
Test analysis phase starts once planning phase is over .in this phase a with better understanding of the project, how much testing is required and how much needs to be carried out in each software development phase. It is in this phase decision is taken regarding the automation process of the project wherein how the automation process will be done , time factor and the modules to be automated is decided
Test Design
In this phase various test design techniques (white box and black box) are used to design the test cases for testing. By using these test designs techniques, testers start writing test cases. If in the analysis phase automation of the process/module has been decided. The automation testing scripts are also written in this phase.
Test Construction and verification:
In this phase, testers prepare more test cases by keeping in mind the positive, negative and end user scenarios. In this test plan document is also finalized and verified by reviewers.
Test execution and bug reporting
The test cases are executed and defects are reported in bug tracking tool. Testing is an iterative process wherein if a bug is found in a program and it is fixed. Testing needs to be done after every defect fix.
Final Testing and implementation:
In this phase the final testing is done for the Software, Non-Functional testing like stress, load and Performance testing are performed in this phase. Final test execution reports and documents are prepared in this phase.
Post implementation
The process review meetings are done and lesson learned are documented. The document is prepared to cope up similar problems in future releases.
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